![]() Here we describe spawning observations of 23 non-coral invertebrates belonging to six species and two phyla. To date, Invertebrate species other than scleractinian corals have received noticeably less attention with regard to reproduction and this is particularly relevant for the Red Sea, where only very few studies have been conducted on multi-species broadcast spawning (Bouwmeester et al. ![]() Such annual spawning events have been shown to be closely tied to factors such as annual temperature variation, lunar cycles and photoperiod length (Boch et al. Success of the strategy, however, relies on reproductive synchrony among intraspecific individuals within a few hours of specific nights each year. 2011 Bouwmeester 2013) and is a mode of reproduction in which large quantities of male and female gametes are released into the water column within a short period of time. Hagman and Vize 2003 Ritson-Williams et al. Broadcast spawning occurs across most marine phyla (e.g. The sedentary nature of many invertebrates on coral reefs renders them heavily reliant on dispersal during the pelagic larval period of their life cycle to ensure connectivity amongst reef populations (Atchison et al.
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